COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis with underlying diabetes mellitus

Saparbek Satmurzayev 1, Natalia Selivokhina 2, Malika Khaiitova 3 * , Aida Seitaliyeva 4, Murat Nurlybaev 2
More Detail
1 Department of Pathology, National Scientific Center for Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
2 Department of Complex Expertise, Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
3 Department of Pharmacology, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan
4 Department of Fundamental Medicine, Аl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 19, Issue 6, pp. 108-113. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/12725
OPEN ACCESS 607 Views 347 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in opportunistic infections such as mucormycosis, which is of some concern given the fairly rapid spread. The development of immunosuppression associated with COVID-19, coupled with the presence of comorbidities that exacerbate the progression of the disease and in some cases lead to a fatal outcome, plays an important role in this.
Case presentation: We have examined a real case of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in comparison with earlier published contemporary studies on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and risk factors. Autopsy materials of nasal mucosa, eye socket, brain of a patient with COVID-19 associated with diabetes mellitus have been subjected to a histological study.
Conclusion: The presented case demonstrates a unique pathomorphological pattern of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis, first registered in Kazakhstan and of great interest in the world practice.
Keywords: Mucormycosis, diabetes mellitus, COVID-19, corticosteroids

CITATION

Satmurzayev S, Selivokhina N, Khaiitova M, Seitaliyeva A, Nurlybaev M. COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis with underlying diabetes mellitus. J CLIN MED KAZ. 2022;19(6):108-13. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/12725

REFERENCES

  • Chilamakuri R, Agarwal S. COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics. Cells. 2021; 10(2):206. https://doi:10.3390/cells10020206
  • Velikova T, Georgiev T. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and autoimmune diseases amidst the COVID-19 crisis. Rheumatol Int. 2021; 41(3):509-518. https://doi:10.1007/s00296-021-04792-9
  • Bhatt K, Agolli A, Patel MH, Garimella R, Devi M, Garcia E, et al. High mortality co-infections of COVID-19 patients: mucormycosis and other fungal infections. Discoveries (Craiova). 2021; 9(1):e126. https://doi:10.15190/d.2021.5
  • Rao VUS, Arakeri G, Madikeri G, Shah A, Oeppen RS, Brennan PA. COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021; 59(9):1095-1098. https://doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.06.013
  • Dilek A, Ozaras R, Ozkaya S, Sunbul M, Sen EI, Leblebicioglu H. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: Case report and systematic review. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021; 44:102148. https://doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102148
  • Bhattacharyya A, Sarma P, Sharma DJ, et al. Rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis in COVID-19: A systematic review. Indian J Pharmacol. 2021; 53(4):317-327. https://doi:10.4103/ijp.ijp_419_21
  • Singh AK, Singh R, Joshi SR, Misra A. Mucormycosis in COVID-19: A systematic review of cases reported worldwide and in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021;15(4):102146. https://doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.019
  • Maini A, Tomar G, Khanna D, Kini Y, Mehta H, Bhagyasree V. Sino-orbital mucormycosis in a COVID-19 patient: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021;82:105957. https://doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105957
  • Pal R, Singh B, Bhadada SK, et al. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: An updated systematic review of literature. Mycoses. 2021;64(12):1452-1459. https://doi:10.1111/myc.13338
  • Mishra Y, Prashar M, Sharma D, Akash, Kumar VP, Tilak TVSVGK. Diabetes, COVID 19 and mucormycosis: Clinical spectrum and outcome in a tertiary care medical center in Western India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021; 15(4):102196. https://doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102196
  • John TM, Jacob CN, Kontoyiannis DP. When Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus and Severe COVID-19 Converge: The Perfect Storm for Mucormycosis. J Fungi (Basel). 2021; 7(4):298. https://doi:10.3390/jof7040298
  • Garg D, Muthu V, Sehgal IS, Ramachandran R, Kaur H, Bhalla A, Puri GD, Chakrabarti A, Agarwal R. Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature. Mycopathologia. 2021; 186(2):289-298. https://doi:10.1007/s11046-021-00528-2
  • Al-Tawfiq JA, Alhumaid S, Alshukairi AN, Temsah MH, Barry M, Al Mutair A, et al. COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm. Infection. 2021; 49(5):833-853. https://doi:10.1007/s15010-021-01670-1
  • Mahalaxmi I, Jayaramayya K, Venkatesan D, Subramaniam MD, Renu K, Vijayakumar P, et al. Mucormycosis: An opportunistic pathogen during COVID-19. Environ Res. 2021; 201:111643. https://doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111643