Ethical Aspects of Using CRISPR- Cas9 in Medicine in Kazakhstan and Worldwide

CRISPR-Cas9 is a new emerging genome editing tool, that gives hope as a cure to various diseases, including cancer and hereditary diseases. Although its accuracy in editing DNA is fascinating, recent breakthroughs in this field raise crucial ethical and legal issues. Usage of CRISPR-Cas9 raises concerns pertaining to safety, availability, religious and societal impact. Nowadays, some of the high-income countries have developed regulatory frameworks to address these concerns, however there is still a lack of global concrete regulations for all nations. In Kazakhstan, even though genome editing technology is used mostly in research, we are in demand of developing bioethical principles based on international practices. The regulatory framework would ensure a responsible approach in using this tool in medicine and research. In this review, we explored international ethical practices and examined the current situation in Kazakhstan in implementing genome editing technology. CRISPR-Cas9 is a new emerging genome editing tool, that gives hope as a cure to various diseases, including cancer and hereditary diseases. Although its accuracy in editing DNA is fascinating, recent breakthroughs in this field raise crucial ethical and legal issues. Usage of CRISPR-Cas9 raises concerns pertaining to safety, availability, religious and societal impact. Nowadays, some of the high-income countries have developed regulatory frameworks to address these concerns, however there is still a lack of global concrete regulations for all nations. In Kazakhstan, even though genome editing technology is used mostly in research, we are in demand of developing bioethical principles based on international practices. The regulatory framework would ensure a responsible approach in using this tool in medicine and research. In this review, we explored international ethical practices and examined the current situation in Kazakhstan in implementing genome editing technology.