Immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy

Иммунологические механизмы в этиопатогенезе детского церебрального паралича
Yevgen Lisovskyy 1, Kenzhe Kussainova 1, Meiram Shakenov 1, Natalya Lisovska 1
More Detail
1 «Republican Children’s Rehabilitation Centre» JSC, Science and Education Department, Аstana, Kazakhstan
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 1, Issue 39, pp. 6-11. https://doi.org/10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-6-11
OPEN ACCESS 4902 Views 3983 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

The cerebral palsy is highly actual issue of pediatrics, causing significant neurological disability. Though the great progress in the neuroscience has been recently achieved, the pathogenesis of cerebral palsyis still poorly understood. In this work we reviewed available experimental and clinical data concerning the role of immunocompetent cells in pathogenesis of cerebral palsy. Maintaining of homeostasis in nervous tissue and its transformation in case of periventricular leukomalacia were analyzed. The reviewed data demonstrate involvement of immune regulatory cells in the formation of nervous tissue imbalance and chronicity of inborn brain damage. The supported opinion, that periventricular leukomalacia is not a static phenomenon, but developing process, encourages us optimism about possibility of its correction. The further study of changes of the nervous and immune systems in cerebral palsy will contribute to creating fundamentally new directions of the specific therapy and individual schemes of rehabilitation.
Keywords: cerebral palsy, tissue homeostasis, periventricular leukomalacia, immune regulation, apoptosis

CITATION

Lisovskyy Y, Kussainova K, Shakenov M, Lisovska N. Immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy. Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan. 2016;1(39):6-11. https://doi.org/10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-6-11

REFERENCES

  • Galym A.G., Dostaeva B.S., Berdykenova A.Zh., Usembaeva R.B., Bestonova L.T. Analiz zabolevaemosti i profilaktika detskogo cerebral’nogo paralicha (Analysis of prevalence and prevention of children’s cerebral palsy), Vestnik KAZNMU, 2012 (sen), pp. 6-9.
  • Semenova K.A.Vosstanovitel’noe lechenie detej s perinatal’nym porazheniem nervnoj sistemy i detskim cerebral’nym paralichom (Rehabilitation of children with perinatal impact of nervous system andchildren’s cerebral palsy), M.: Zakoniporjadok, 2007, 616 p.
  • Nelson K.B. Can we prevent cerebral palsy? N Engl J Med,2003, 349, pp.1765-1769.
  • Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A, Goldstein M, Bax M, Damiano D, Dan B, Jacobsson B. A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006, Dev Med Child NeurolSuppl, 2007, Feb, 109, pp.8-14.
  • Ortega, Sterling B., et al. «Perinatal chronic hypoxia induces cortical inflammation, hypomyelination, and peripheral myelinspecific T cell autoreactivity. Journal of leukocyte biology, 2016, No.99.1, pp. 21-29.
  • Bulekbaeva Sh.A., Sultanova G.M., Dzhanieva T.S. Sovremennye metody v kompleksnoj reabilitacii detskogo cerebral’nogo paralicha (Contemporary methods in the complex rehabilitation of children’s cerebral palsy), Rukovodstvo dlja vrachej, Astana, 2008, 98 p.
  • Ismagilov M.F., Isanova V.A. Opyt ispol’zovanija nejrodinamicheskih metodov reabilitacii v vosstanovlenii dvigatel’nyh funkcij (Experience of application of neurodynamic methods in rehabilitation of movement function), Nevrologicheski jzhurnal, 2008, №3, pp.105-109.
  • Gajnetdinova D.D., Gajsina L.Z. Fenomen nestabil’nosti kletochnogo genoma v patogeneze detskogo cerebral’nogo paralicha (Phenomenon of instability of cellular genome in pathogenesis of children’s cerebral palsy), Zhurna lnevrologii I psihiatriiim. S.S. Korsakova, 2012, №10, pp. 49-51.
  • O’Callaghan M.E., MacLennan A.H., Haan E.A. The genomic basis of cerebral palsy, Hum. Genet, 2009, №1, pp. 49-72.
  • Morgun A.V., Kuvacheva N.V., Taranushenko T.E., Hilazheva E.D., Malinovskaja N.A., GorinaJa.V., Pozhilenkova E.A., Frolova O.V., Salmina A.B. Sovremennye predstavlenija o patogeneze perinatal’nogo ishemicheskogo povrezhdenija kletok nejrovaskuljarnoj edinicy golovnogo mozga: molekuly-misheni dlja nejroprotekcii (Contemporary insight in pathogenesis of ischemic perinatal impairment of cells of the neurovascular unit of brain: molecular targets for neuroprotection), Vestnik RAMN, 2013, 12, pp. 26-35.
  • Kaur C., Ling E.A. Periventricular white matter damage in the hypoxic neonatal brain: role of microglial cells, Prog. Neurobiol,2009, №4, pp. 264-280.
  • Morgun A.V., Ovcharenko N.V., Taranushenko T.E. Markery apoptoza I nejrospecificheskie belki v diagnostike perinatal’nyh porazhenij central’noj nervnoj sistemy u novorozhdennyh detej (Markers of apoptosis and neurospecific proteins in the diagnostic of perinatal impact of central nervous system in newborns), Sibirskoemed. Obozrenie, 2013, №3 (81), pp. 3-11.
  • Smirnov I.E., Rovenskaja Ju.V., Zajniddinova R.S., Kucherenko A.G. Dinamikafaktorovapoptozapriperinatal’nyhporazhenijah central’nojnervnojsistemy u detejpervogogodazhizni (Dynamics of the factors of apoptosis during perinatal impacts of central nervous system in children at the first year of life), Rossijskij pediatricheskij zhurnal, 2011, №6, pp. 4-9.
  • Semenov A.S., Skal’nyj A.V. Immunopatologicheskie I patohimicheskie aspekty patogeneza perinatal’nogo porazhenija mozga (detskij cerebral’nyj paralich, alkogol’nyj sindrom ploda) (Immunopathological and pathochemical aspects of the pathogenesis of perinatal impact of the brain (children’s cerebral palsy, alcohol syndrome of fetus), SPb.: Nauka, 2009, 368 p.
  • Serkina E.V., Gromova O.A., Torshin I.Ju., Sotnikova N.Ju., Nikonov A.A. Cerebrolizin oblegchaet sostojanie bol’nyh s perinatal’nym porazheniem CNS cherez moduljaciju autoimmuniteta I antioksidantnuj uzashhitu (Cerebrolysin improve state of patients with perinatal impact of CNS through the modulation of autoimmunity and antioxidant defense), Zhurnal nevrologii I psihiatriiim. S.S. Korsakova, 2008, №11, p. 62-66.
  • Zhivolupov S.A. Samarcev I.N., Syroezhkin F.A. Sovremennaja koncepcija nejroplastichnosti (teoreticheskie aspekty I prakticheskaja znachimost’) (Contemporary conception of neuroplasticity or etical aspects and practical importance), Zhurn. nevrologiiipsihiatriiim. S.S. Korsakova, 2013, №10, pp. 102-108.
  • ShilovV.N. Molekuljarnye mehanizmy strukturnogo gomeostaza (Molecular mechanisms of structural homeostasis), M.: «Intersignal», 2006, 288 p.
  • Senovilla L, Galluzzi L, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Immunosurveillance as a regulator of tissue homeostasis, Trends in immunology, 2013, 34;10, pp.471-481.
  • Babaeva A.G., Gevorkjan N.M., Zotikov E.A. Rol’ limfocitov v operativnom izmenenii programmy razvitija tkanej (The role of lymphocytes in operative changing of the program of tissue development), M.: RAMN, 2009, 107 p.
  • Fujioka H., Dairyo Y., Yasunaga K., Emoto K. Neural Functions of Matrix Metalloproteinases: Plasticity, Neurogenesis, and Disease, Biochemistry Research International, Vol. 2012. 2012, Article ID 789083, 8 p.
  • Soleman S., Filippov M.A., Dityatev A., Fawcett J.V. Targeting the neural extracellular matrix in neurological disoders, Neuroscience, 2013, 253, pp.194-213.
  • VestweberD. Adhesion and signaling molecules controlling the transmigration of leukocytes through endothelium, Immunol. Rev, 2007, 218, pp.178-196.
  • Haitov R.M., Pinegin B.V., Jarilin A.A. Rukovodstvo po klinicheskoj immunologii. Diagnostika zabolevanij immunnoj sistemy: rukovodstvo dlja vrachej (Manual of clinical immunology. Diagnostic of diseases of immune system: manual for phisiciance), M: GJeOTAR-Media, 2009, 352 p.
  • Vezzani A., Friedman A., Dingledine R.J. The role of inflammation in epileptogenesis, Neuropharmacology, 2013, 69, pp.16-24.
  • Xanthos D.N. Sandkuhler J. Neurogenic neuroinflammation: inflammatory CNS reactions in response to neuronal activity, Nat. Rev. Neuroscience, 2014, 15 (1), pp.43-53. 
  • Kuvacheva N.V., Salmina A.B., KomlevaJu.K., Malinovskaja N.A., Morgun A.V., Pozhilenkova E.A., Zamaj G.S., Jauzina N.A., Petrova M.M. Pronicaemost’ gemato-jencefalicheskogo bar’era v norme, pri narushenii razvitija golovnogo mozga I nejrodegeneracii (Penetration of hematoencephalic barrier in normal case and in case of deviations of brain development and neurodegeneration), Zhurnal nevrologii I psihiatriiim. S.S. Korsakova, 2013, 113(4), pp.80-85.
  • StranfordS.,Ruddle N. Follicular dendritic cells, conduits, lymphatic vessels, and high endothelial venules in tertiary lymphoid organs: parallels with lymph node stroma, Front. Immunol, 2012 (30, nov), p.3389.
  • Abbott J.N., Rönnbäck L., Hansson E. Astrocyte–endothelial interactions at the blood–brain barrier, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2006 (January), №7, pp. 41-53.
  • Janigro D., Walker M.C. What non-neuronal mechanisms should be studied to understand epileptic seizures? Adv. Exp. Med. Biol, 2014, 813, pp.253-264.
  • Wojcik-Stanaszek L., Gregor A., Zalewska T. Regulation of neurogenesis by extracellular matrix and integrins, ActaNeurobiolExp, 2011, 71, pp.103-112.
  • Repin V.S., Rzhaninova A.A., Shamenkov D.A. Jembrional’nye stvolovye kletki (Embryonic stem cells), Fundamental’naja biologija I medicina, M: ReMeTjeksju, 2002, 225 p.
  • Braun S.M., Jessberger S. Adult neurogenesis and its role in neuropsychiatric disease, brain repare and normal brain function, Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol, 2014, 40(1), pp. 3-12.
  • Taupin P. Adult neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, RestorNeurolNeurosci, 2006, 24(1), pp. 9-15.
  • Guljaeva N.V., Aniol V.A. Epilepsija I nejroplastichnost’: sovremennye koncepcii I napravlenija razvitija issledovanij, v knige «Sovremennaja jepileplogija: problem ireshenija» (Epilepsy and neuroplasticity: contemporary conceptions and directions of the investigations, in book “Contemporary epileptology: problems and decisions”) pod red. Guseva E.I., Geht A.B., 2015, M: OOO «Buki-Vedi» 520 p. pp. 207-216.
  • Simpkins C.A., Simpkins A.M. Neuroplasticity and Neurogenesis: Changing Moment-by-Moment, Neuroscience for Clinicians, 2013, 11 (Sep), pp. 165-174.
  • Hsieh J.,Eisch A. Epigenetics, hippocampal neurogenesis, and neuropsychiatric disorders: Unraveling the genome to understand the mind, Neurobiology of Disease, 2010, Vol. 39, Issue 1, July, p. 73-84.
  • Strat Y.L., Ramoz N. Gorwood P. The Role of Genes Involved in Neuroplasticity and Neurogenesis in the Observation of a Gene-Environment Interaction (GxE) in Schizophrenia, Current Molecular Medicine, 2009, 9, №4, pp. 1-13.
  • Ajzatulina D.V. Process y svobodnoradikal’nogo okislenija pri nestabil’nosti genoma u bol’nyh detskim cerebral’nym paralichom s periventrikuljarnoj lejkomaljaciej (Processes of free radical oxidation at the genome instability in patients with children’s cerebral palsy and periventricular leucomalacia), Avtoref. Dis. … kand. med. nauk, Kazan’, 2009, 24 p.
  • Vlasjuk V.V. Periventrikuljarnaja lejkoma ljacija u detej (Periventricular leucomalacia in children), SPb. GelikonPljus, 2009, 172 P.
  • Obuhov D.K., Pushhina E.V. Radial’naja glija – kak I stochniknov yh nejronov v postnatal’nom razvitii CNS (Radial glial cells as the origin of new neurons in postnatal development of CNS), Mezhd. zhurn. jeksper. obr., 2011, №6, pp. 10-11.
  • Pushhina E.V. Rol’ radial’noj glii v pre- I postnatal’nom gistogeneze nervnoj sistemy pozvonochnyh(The role of radial glial cells in the pre- and postnatal histogenesis of nervous system of chords), Aktual’nye problem gumanitarnyh I estestvennyh nauk, 2010, №1, pp. 12-17.
  • Skvorcov I.A., Ermolenko N.A. Razvitie nervnoj sistemy u detej v norme I patologii (Development of neural system in children in normal case and in case of pathology), M. –MED press-inform, 2003, 367 p.
  • Green D., Reed J. Apoptosis. Physiology and Pathology, Cambridge University Press, 2011, 438 p.
  • Zhiznevskij B. L. Klinicheskoe znachenie antigenov kompleksa NLA pri detskom cerebral’nom paraliche (Clinical importance of antigens of HLA complex for children’s cerebral palsy), Avtoref. Dis. … kand. med. nauk. M, 1994, 22 p.
  • Choi C., Benveniste E. Fas ligand/Fas system in the brain: regulator of immune and apoptotic responses, Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 2004, 44, 1, pp. 65-81.
  • Ismagilov M.F., Isanova V.A. Korteksin v kompleksnoj reabilitacii bol’nyh detskim cerebral’nym paralichom (Kortexin in complex rehabilitation of patients with children’s cerebral palsy), Nevrologicheskij zhurnal, 2008, №4, pp.125-127.
  • Ekusheva E.V., Damulin I.V. Rehabilitation after stroke: the role of neuroplasticity and sensorimotor integration, Zh.Nevrol. Psikhiatr. imS.S.Korsakova, 2013, 113, 12Pt2, pp.35-41.
  • Tahayori B., Port N.L., Koceja D.M. The inflow of sensory information for the control of standing is graded and bidirectional, Exp Brain Res, 2012, 218, 1, pp.111-118.
  • Penionzhkevich D.Ju., Gorbunov F.E. Novye tehnologii nejrometabolicheskoj terapii pri cerebrovaskuljarnyh zabolevanijah (New technologies of neurometabolic therapy for cerebrovascular diseases), Zhurn. Nevrologiii psihiatriiim. S.S. Korsakova, 2009, №7, pp. 19-22.
  • Park D.H., Eve D.J., Chung Y.G. Regenerative medicine for neurological disorders, The Scientific.World. J, 2010, 10, pp. 470- 489.