The molecular determination of emm genotypes in non-group a beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from clinical samples

Suna Kızılyıldırım 1 * , Cansu Önlen Güneri 2, Fatih Köksal 3
More Detail
1 Depertmant of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Süleyman Demirel, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Vocational School of Health Services, University of Sağlık Bilimleri, 06010, Ankara, Turkey.
3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Cukurova University, 01380, Adana, Turkey.
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 18, Issue 4, pp. 64-68. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/11045
OPEN ACCESS 874 Views 670 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

Objective: M protein is an important marker in epidemiological and phylogenetic surveillance of Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci.
The aim of this study is to determine emm types and their distribution among the GCS/GGS strains isolated from clinical samples.
Material and methods: The study includes 98 β-hemolytic streptococcus strains isolated from clinical samples in Çukurova University/Balcalı Hospital. 67 of these isolates, defined as serologic, of which 56 were identified as Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, 8 as S. anginosus and 3 as S.equi subsp.zooepedimicus, have been included in the study. These strains were also confirmed by the Vitek 2GP-ID system. These isolates were confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with primers based on groESL sequences. PCR-sequence analysis method developed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) was used for typing according to emm polymorphism.
Results: 56/67 (83.6%) isolates in which emm-PCR was determined as positive were typed by sequence analysis. The findings were identified using the CDC database, and the most common type was determined to be stG485 (51.85%), stG643 (12.96%) and stG6 (9.25%).
Conclusion: Consequently, GCS/GGS should be treated more seriously in our country as in the whole world.
Keywords: emm, PCR, GCS, GGS.

CITATION

Kızılyıldırım S, Önlen Güneri C, Köksal F. The molecular determination of emm genotypes in non-group a beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from clinical samples. J CLIN MED KAZ. 2021;18(4):64-8. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/11045

REFERENCES

  • Erayman İ, Arıbaş ET, YILMAZ A, Bitirgen M. Boğaz Kültürlerinden İzole Edilen Beta Hemolitik Streptokokların Serogrupları. Türk Mikrobiyol Cem Derg. 2000; 30: 13-16.
  • Stevens DL, Kaplan EL. Streptococcal infections: clinical aspects, microbiology, and molecular pathogenesis. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2000. [Google Scholar].
  • Musser JM, Shelburne SA. A decade of molecular pathogenomic analysis of group A Streptococcus. J Clin Invest. 2009; 119: 2455-2463. https:// doi: 10.1172 / JCI38095.
  • Vandamme P, Pot B, Falsen E, Kersters K, Devriese LA. Taxonomic study of Lancefield streptococcal groups C, G, and L (Streptococcus dysgalactiae) and proposal of S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis subsp. nov. Int J Syst Bacterio.l 1996; 46: 774-781. https:// doi: 10.1099 / 00207713-46-3-774.
  • Ruoff KL Streptococcus anginosus (“Streptococcus milleri”): the unrecognized pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev.1988; 102-108. https://doi: 10.1128 / cmr.1.1.102.
  • Kittang, B. R., Bruun, T., Langeland, N., Mylvaganam, H., Glambek, M. & Skrede, S. Invasive group A, C and G streptococcal disease in western Norway: virulence gene profiles, clinical features and outcomes. Clin Microbiol Infect.t 2011; 17: 358-364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03253.x.
  • Collins CM, Kimura A, Bisno AL. Group G streptococcal M protein exhibits structural features analogous to those of class I M protein of group A streptococci. Infect Immun. 1992; 60: 3689-96. https:// doi: 10.1128/IAI.60.9.3689-3696.1992.
  • Olive C, Schulze K, Sun HK. Enhanced protection against Streptococcus pyogenes infection by intranasal vaccination with a dual antigen component M protein/SfbI lipid core peptide vaccine formulation. Vaccine. 2007; 25: 1789-1797. https:// doi: 10.1016 / j.vaccine.2006.11.031.
  • CDC (Centers for Disease and Prevention). (https://www2a.cdc.gov/ncidod/biotech/strepblast.asp).
  • Rantala S, Vähäkuopus S, Varkila JV, Vuento R, and Syrjänen J. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. Equisimilis Bacteremia, Finland, 1995–2004. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2010; 16:5. https://doi:10.3201 / eid1605.080803.
  • Liu LC, Tsai JC, Hsueh PR and Lee-Jene Teng LJ. Rapid Differentiation between Members of the Anginosus Group and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis within Beta-Hemolytic Group C and G Streptococci by PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2006; 1836-1838. https:// doi:10.1128 / jcm.44.5.1836-1838.2006.
  • Poradosu RC, Jaffe J, Lavi D, Greenzaid SG, Paz RN, Valinsky L, et al. Group G Streptococcal Bacteremia in Jerusalem. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2004; 10: 1455-1460. https:// doi: 10.3201 / eid1008.030840
  • Reissmann S, Friedrichs C, Rajkumari R, Itzek A, Fulde M, Rodloff AC, et al. Contribution of Streptococcus anginosus to infections caused by groups C and G streptococci, Southern India. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010; 16: 656-663. https:// doi: 10.3201 / eid1604.090448.
  • Kittang BR, Skrede S, Langeland N, Haanshuus CG, Mylvaganam H. emm gene diversity, superantigen gene profiles and presence of SlaA among clinical isolates of group A, C and G streptococci from western Norway. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 30: 423–433. https:// doi: 10.1007/s10096-010-1105-x.
  • Tseng SP, Lin YY, Tsai JC, Hsueh PR, Chen HJ, Hung WC, Teng LJ. Distribution of emm Types and Genetic Characterization of the mgc Locus in Group G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis from a Hospital in Northern Taiwan. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2010; 2975-2977. https:// doi: 10.1128 / jcm.00444-10.
  • Anand TD, Rajesh T, Rajendhran J, Gunasekaran P. Superantigen profiles of emm and emm-like typeable and nontypeable pharyngeal streptococcal isolates of South India. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 2012; 11: 3. https:// doi: 10.1186 / 1476-0711-11-3.