Young Patient Presenting with ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Following Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink (AMED)

Engin Dondurmacı 1, Emel Özkorkmaz 2, Sedat Sakallı 1, Esra Polat 2 *
More Detail
1 Department of Cardiology, Gaziantep City Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
2 University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Clinic of Cardiology, Gaziantep City Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 23, Issue 1, pp. 97-99. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/17818
OPEN ACCESS 309 Views 306 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)
Author Contributions: Surgical and medical practices, E.D., E.Ö., S.S., E.P; concept, E.D., E.P.; design, E.P.; data collection and processing, E.D., E.P.; literature search, S.S., E.P.; writing, E.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Data availability statement: The corresponding author can provide the data supporting the study's conclusions upon request. Due to ethical and privacy constraints, the data are not publicly accessible.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Disclosure Statement: AI-Unassisted Work.

ABSTRACT

In young myocardial infarction patients (<45), causes such as energy drinks, alcohol, cocaine, and anabolic steroids are added to the etiology, unlike in older myocardial infarction patients. Our case is a 19-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with ST-elevation MI after consuming alcohol mixed with an energy drink (AMED). Coronary angiography revealed a 99% thrombotic lesion in the distal Cx, which was thin in structure, in a patient whose coronary artery structure was not atherosclerotic. Due to the thinness of the vessel structure, medical treatment was initially planned for the patient.
Keywords: Alcohol, energy drink, AMED, STEMI, myocardial infarction

CITATION

Dondurmacı E, Özkorkmaz E, Sakallı S, Polat E. Young Patient Presenting with ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Following Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink (AMED). J CLIN MED KAZ. 2026;23(1):97-9. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/17818

REFERENCES

  • Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan J, Barbato E, Berry C, Chieffo A, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes: developed by the task force on the management of acute coronary syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2024;13:55-161. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad191
  • Sagris M, Antonopoulos AS, Theofilis P, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamandris S, et al. Risk factors profile of young and older patients with myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular research. 2022;118:2281–2292. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab264
  • Krittanawong C, Khawaja M, Tamis-Holland JE, Girotra S, Rao SV. Acute Myocardial Infarction: Etiologies and Mimickers in Young Patients. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2023;12: e029971. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.123.029971
  • Lisowska A, Makarewicz-Wujec M, Filipiak KJ. Risk factors, prognosis, and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in young adults in Poland. Kardiologia polska,2016; 74: 1148–1153. https://doi.org/10.5603/KP.a2016.0098
  • Windfeld-Mathiasen J, Heerfordt IM, Dalhoff KP, Andersen JT, Andersen MA, Johansson KS, et al. Cardiovascular Disease in Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Users. Circulation. 2025;151:828–834. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071117
  • Bayramov B, Havan M, Eyduran E, Aslan AD, Ramoğlu MG, Kendirli T. Energy Drink Associated Severe Myocardial Injury in a Child: A Case Report. Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine. Advance online publication.2025; Published online. https://doi.org/10.4274/cayd.galenos.2025.79446
  • Clauson KA, Shields KM, McQueen CE, Persad N. Safety issues associated with commercially available energy drinks. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA. 2008;48: e55–e67. https://doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2008.07055
  • Verster JC, Benson S, Johnson SJ, Alford C, Godefroy SB, Scholey, A. Alcohol mixed with energy drink (AMED): A critical review and meta-analysis. Human psychopharmacology. 2018;33(2): e2650. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.2650
  • Worthley MI, Prabhu A, De Sciscio P, Schultz C, Sanders P, Willoughby SR. Detrimental effects of energy drink consumption on platelet and endothelial function. The American journal of medicine. 2010;123: 184–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.09.013
  • Steinke L, Lanfear DE, Dhanapal V, Kalus JS. Effect of "energy drink" consumption on hemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters in healthy young adults. The Annals of pharmacotherapy. 2009;43: 596–602. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1L614
  • Biyik I, Ergene O. Acute myocardial infarction associated with heavy alcohol intake in an adolescent with normal coronary arteries. Cardiology in the Young. 2006;16: 190-192. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951106000187
  • Williams MJ, Restieaux NJ, Low CJ. Myocardial infarction in young people with normal coronary arteries. Heart (British Cardiac Society). 1998;79: 191–194. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.79.2.191
  • Breda JJ, Whiting SH, Encarnação R, Norberg S, Jones R, Reinap M, Jewell J. Energy drink consumption in europe: a review of the risks, adverse health effects, and policy options to respond. Frontiers in public health. 2014;2: 134. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2014.00134